{"id":1256,"date":"2025-07-30T08:26:34","date_gmt":"2025-07-30T00:26:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/?p=1256"},"modified":"2025-07-30T08:26:34","modified_gmt":"2025-07-30T00:26:34","slug":"python-os-path-%e7%94%a8%e6%b3%95%e4%b8%8e%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e8%b7%af%e5%be%84%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/1256.html","title":{"rendered":"Python os.path \u7528\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6574\u6307\u5357"},"content":{"rendered":"

Python os.path \u7528\u6cd5\u6307\u5357<\/h><\/p>\n

\"Python<\/p>\n

Python \u7684 os.path \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd os.path \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f<\/h><\/p>\n

os.path \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    os.path.basename(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    os.path.dirname(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    os.path.split(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u5272\u6210\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    os.path.join(path1, path2, ...)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    os.path.abspath(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  6. \n

    os.path.expanduser(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u6ce2\u6d6a\u53f7(~)\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  7. \n

    os.path.expandvars(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  8. \n

    os.path.isabs(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  9. \n

    os.path.isfile(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  10. \n

    os.path.isdir(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    2. \u521b\u5efa\u8def\u5f84<\/h><\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528 os.path \u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      os.makedirs(path, mode=0o777, exist_ok=True)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      os.path.exists(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n

      os.path.isdir(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    8. \n

      os.path.isfile(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5224\u65ad\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      3. \u4fee\u6539\u8def\u5f84<\/h><\/p>\n

      os.path \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n

        os.path.splitext(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      2. \n

        os.path.splitext(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u5272\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      3. \n

        os.path.splitext(path)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u6ca1\u6709\u6269\u5c55\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8def\u5f84\u672c\u8eab\u548c\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        4. \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h><\/p>\n

        os.path \u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n

          os.path.walk(top, topdown=True, onerror=None, followlinks=False)<\/code>\uff1a\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        2. \n

          os.path.walk(top, topdown=True, onerror=None, followlinks=False)<\/code>\uff1a\u4ece top \u5f00\u59cb\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        3. \n

          os.path.walk(top, topdown=True, onerror=None, followlinks=False)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c topdown \u4e3a True\uff0c\u5219\u4ece\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        4. \n

          os.path.walk(top, topdown=True, onerror=None, followlinks=False)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c onerror \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          5. \u95ee\u7b54\u73af\u8282<\/h><\/h><\/p>\n

          \u95ee\u98981\uff1a<\/b>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 os.path \u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff1f<\/p>\n

          \u4f7f\u7528 os.path.exists(path) \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de True\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de False\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u95ee\u98982\uff1a<\/b>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 os.path \u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\uff1f<\/p>\n

          \u4f7f\u7528 os.path.splitext(path) \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u6269\u5c55\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u95ee\u98983\uff1a<\/b>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 os.path \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff1f<\/p>\n

          \u4f7f\u7528 os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True) \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 exist_ok \u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a True\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Python os.path \u7528\u6cd5\u6307\u5357 Python \u7684 os.path \u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd os.path \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002 1. \u83b7\u53d6\u8def\u5f84\u4fe1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1257,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[24,493,494],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-1256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haiwai","tag-os","tag-path","tag-494"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1256"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1259,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1256\/revisions\/1259"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1257"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1256"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hgfwq.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=1256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}